I installed Transmission and configured it to require encrypted connections. Since the most common use for a VPN is to get around region restrictions (honourable mention to YouTube DE and GEMA) or to download copyrighted content illegally, I thought torrenting Ubuntu 14.04 would be a good example use case. I had a strong suspicion from my regular use that unitymedia was filtering connections, but I needed a good way to prove it. Other people have written about frequent TCP disconnections and poor connectivity on unitymedia (DE, English version here), but I believe they are going farther.
They are instead using something called DS-Lite in which each customer has a unique IPv6 address, and IPv4 connections are tunneled over IPv6 (4in6) to the carrier where customers then must go through carrier-grade nat (CGN) before reaching the internet. Unitymedia does not have enough IPv4 addresses to give each customer a global IPv4 address. There must be some sort of proof to back up anyone who is claiming that a German ISP is filtering customer’s internet connectivity. Obviously this claim cannot be made lightly.
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I would expect this sort of behaviour from certain countries (a full list of countries engaging in internet censorship can be found here) but never in Germany. Unfortunately, they’re not a very good ISP, because they are using deep packet inspection (DPI) to throttle or block VPN connections. Unitymedia is a German ISP, and I made the unfortunate choice of using them as my internet service provider.
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